Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia and is characterized by progressive impairment of memory and other cognitive functions. Veterans may be at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease because of both the demographics of the Veteran population, who are, on average, older than the general population, and also experience risks related to combat injury such as traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder. The aggregate cost of care for Alzheimer’s disease patients is already massive and increasing rapidly. Thus, there is a critical need for continued investment in research to develop breakthrough discoveries that will improve clinical outcomes and decrease the cost burden of Alzheimer’s disease in our Veteran population. There is strong evidence that inflammation in the brain is a critical component of Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, new drugs that decrease inflammation and modulate the immune system could be effective in treating Alzheimer’s disease.